I believe this expression has an oriental origin where the full form is translated as “It sent me away”, but usually someone “going away” or simple “gone” means “death”.

So, “it sent me” means that something is so hilarious or powerful that it send me to the other world immediately right here right now.
wtf man, that ult combo almost sent me.

oh god, this meme sent me :facepalm:
by Adrian Pape March 16, 2022
When something is so funny it basically sends you into orbit
Dude that meme you sent me last night fucking sent me
by Syncubus October 04, 2020